北方某城市饮用水处理中卤乙酸浓度水平的调查研究

Occurrence of Haloacetic acids in water treatment processes of a water supply works, North China

对北方某城市自来水厂水体中的4种卤乙酸浓度水平进行了检测.以黄河水作为原水,经常规工艺处理后的饮用水中卤乙酸的最大浓度水平为79.31μg·L-1,超出美国EPA提出的饮用水中卤乙酸浓度水平的限定值;进而对常规工艺的氯化作用做了进一步调查研究,结果表明,预氯化对卤乙酸的产生起主导作用,增大了饮用水中卤乙酸的含量.探讨了由高锰酸钾预氧化、气浮、过滤、臭氧氧化、活性炭吸附、氯氨消毒组成的深度处理工艺对卤乙酸的削减效果.结果表明,经深度处理后的出厂水中卤乙酸含量从常规工艺的79.31μg·L-1降为3.92μg·L-1,有效地控制了卤乙酸的形成.

The concentrations of four haloacetic acids （HAAs） were determined in a water supply works, North China. The highest total HAAs concentration in drinking water was found to be 79.31 μg·L-^-1 in conventional treatment process which exceeded the drinking water standard of U. S EPA, when Huanghe River water was used as raw water. Further study indicated that prechlorination largely contributed to high concentration of HAAs in drinking water. Finally, the total concentration of HAAs was decreased from 79.31 to 3.92 ,μg ·L^-1 when using an advanced treatment process consisting of K2MnO4 preoxidation, floatation, filtration, ozonation, active carbon adsorption, chloride ammonia disinfection.