曹禺戏剧中的宗教文化

The Religious Culture in CAO Yu's Plays

曹禺原本是一位在清华大学接受过现代自由主义思想和西方基督教文明洗礼的民间戏剧家,造就曹禺成为戏剧大师的首先是中国本土的传统文化,特别是儒、释、道三教合流的既野蛮残酷又生动鲜活的民间宗教文化,以及集中体现民间宗教文化的传统戏曲和话本小说,其次才是清华大学的自由主义思想以及基督教的博爱教义。他所拥有的思想和文化资源是斑杂的、草根的,一旦他丢失了“复杂”,也就一步步丧失了精神创造能力,其作品的艺术魅力也随之弱化。

CAO Yu used to be a folk artist, educated at Tsinghua University by the modern Liberalism and the Western Christian civilization. What makes him a master of drama is firstly the traditional culture of China, especially the folk religious culture of Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism, a combination both cruel and lively, and the traditional Chinese opera and novel representing the folk religious culture. The Liberalism and Christianity he learned at Tsinghua University are only of secondary importance. The philosophical and cultural resources he possessed are complex and native; once he lost the “complexness” , he lost the creative ability of the spirit step by step, and the charm of his art was weakened as a result.