470名社区吸毒人员和1185名社区普通居民对毒品和艾滋病的认知、态度调查

SURVEY ON KNOWLEDGE OF AND ATTITUDE TO DRUG ABUSE AND AIDS IN BOTH 1185 COMMUNITY RESIDENTS AND 470 DRUG ADDICTS

目的:了解长沙市芙蓉区社区普通居民和吸毒解教人员对吸毒和艾滋病的认知和态度,评估“无毒社区”创建工作成效。方法:自拟调查问卷,调查470例芙蓉区登记在册吸毒人员和1185例社区普通居民对吸毒和艾滋病的认知和态度。结果:92.7%的普通居民知道“毒品对个人和家庭危害很大”,4.0%认为“毒品虽可成瘾,但使用一两次没有问题”,3.3%的从未听说过毒品;吸毒解教人员首次吸毒前对毒品的认知分别为“毒品对个人和家庭危害很大”者18.7%、“毒品虽可成瘾,但使用一两次没有问题”者34.5%和从未听说过毒品者46.8%;普通居民艾滋病知晓率为98.8%,正确知晓率为94.4%;吸毒人员艾滋病知晓率为86.5%,正确知晓率为75.5%;电视、广播或报纸是毒品和艾滋病知识的第一来源,其它来源有学校或社区、书本等。结论:芙蓉区社区普通居民对毒品和艾滋病相关知识认识基本清楚,抵制毒品意识较强,好于吸毒解教人员。

Objective： To understand the knowledge of and attitude to drug abuse and AIDS in both community residents and drug users, and evaluate the efficacy of the Drug-Free Community Program conducted since 1999 in Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province. Mete： The respondents in the present survey included two subgroups： community residents aged 15 years old or above who were sampled proportionally from Furong District and officially recorded drug users released from camps of re-education through labour and living in Furong District. A total of 1185 community residents and 470 drug users were interviewed with a self-designed questionnaire. Results： Of the community residents, 92.7% reported that they knew the tremendous hazards of drug on the users and their families, 4.0% thought that there was no problem when used drugs occasionally, and 3.3% had never heard of drugs, while in the drug users, the percentages were 18.7%, 34.5% and d6.8%, respectively. Of the community residents, 98.8%reported that they had heard of AIDS and 94.4% had correct knowledge of AIDS, while, in the drug users they were 86.5 % and 75.5 %, re-pectively. TV, broadcast and newspapers were the main sources obtaining the knowledge of drug abuse and AIDS in both subgroups＇ respondents. Other sources included school, community and books, and so on. Conclusion： Most of the community residents knew the tremendous hazards of drug abuse and the transmitted ways of AIDS, and admit that they will not attempt to use drugs. The results support the conclusion that Drug-Free Community Program in Furong District is effective on the prevention of drag abuse in the community.