急性免疫性血小板减少动物模型的实验研究

Experimental study on animal model with acute immune thrombocytopenia

目的:制备急性免疫性血小板减少动物模型。方法:采用洗涤小鼠血小板免疫家兔获得抗小鼠血小板血清(APS);将74只BALB/c小鼠随机分为3组:对照组(10只)、APS组(32只)、正常家兔血清(NRS)组(32只)。对照组经尾静脉注射灭菌生理盐水100ul,APS组经尾静脉注射1∶4浓度抗小鼠血小板血清APS100ul,NRS组经尾静脉注射正常家兔血清100ul。每组均于注射前和注射后第3、6、12小时取小鼠尾静脉血,进行血小板,白细胞及红细胞计数,并测定每个时间点断尾出血时间。结果:APS组外周血象显示各时间点血小板计数进行性减少,出血时间进行性延长,第3、6、12小时所测血小板计数值与NRS组及对照组比较亦差异显著(p<0.01),而红细胞和白细胞计数无显著变化(p>0.05)。NRS组、对照组各时间点及组间血小板计数、出血时间、白细胞计数、红细胞计数均无显著差异。结论:用免疫血清法制备急性免疫性血小板减少模型方法可行,可靠,成功率高。

Objective： We intend to develope a useful mouse model with immune thrombocytopenia, which could facilitate a systematic, quantitative evaluation of effeciacy on various therapies. Methods： Washed platelets from mice were given to rabbit by intravenous for preparation of rabbit-mouse antiplatelet antiserum. Then, 74 BALB/c mice were divided into three groups at random, APS group, NRS group and control group, with 32, 32 and 10 mice respectively. Later, a doses of antiplatdet antiserum （APS） was infused to mice of APS group via tailvein, while the same dose of normal rabbit serum （NRS） was given to mice of NRS group. In addition, the same dose of 0. 9% sodium chloride injection was given to mice of control group. 1 hour before, 3, 6 and 12 hours after the treatment, peripheral blood specimens were collected for hematocyte counts. Furthermore, bleeding time after a 10-mm tail incision was detected at every time in each group. Results： Infusions of the antiplatelet antiserum induced an immediate consumptive thrombocytopenia. The mean platelet counts in mice of APS group differed significantly from that of control group and NRS group after the treatment, with values ranged from 585.00±146.35x109/ml（3 hours） to 143.44±47.63x109/ml （ 12 hours） （ p〈 0.01 ）. Bleeding times in mice of APS group differed significantly from that of control group and NRS group after the treatment as well, with values ranged from 10.2±2.1 min（3 hours） to15.1±2.0 min （ 12 hours） （p〈 0.01 ）. And, hemogram of three groups showed no differences on two types of cells （erythrocyte, leukocyte） at every time in each group. Conclusions： A useful, practicable mouse model of ITP has been created; this model is expected to facilitate the evaluation of new treatments for this disease.