头孢唑林和头孢他啶在老年人中的药物动力学研究

Pharmacokinetic study of cefazolin and ceftazidime in the elderly

对头孢唑林和头孢他啶在老年人中的药物动力学进行了研究，并同期在年轻人中进行了比较。老年组单次静滴头孢他啶１ｇ后的高峰血浓度（Ｃ_（ｍａｘ））为１０１．３６±２０．０３ｍｇ／Ｌ，血清消除半衰期（Ｔ_（１／２β））为２．４２±０．３４ｈ，肾清除率（Ｃｌｒ）为６２．９３±１９．２１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，药一时曲线下面积（ＡＵＣ）为２４４．３０±６１．５１ｈ·ｍｇ／Ｌ。与年轻组相比，血清Ｔ_（１／２β）延长，Ｃｌｒ降低，ＡＵＣ增大，两者间的差异具统计学显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ｃ_（ｍａｘ）则相近。老年组单次静滴头孢唑林后，血清Ｔ_（１／２β）也较年轻者为长，分别为２．４８±０．３７和１．９４±０．２６ｈ；Ｃｌｒ为低，分别为３４．６８±７．１０和４４．５３±１０．９６ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ；ＡＵＣ增大，分别为３８０．７１±６１．３９和３３９．５６±７９．８９ｈ·ｍｇ／Ｌ，上述药动参数间的差异除ＡＵＣ外均具统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。根据本研究结果，提出头孢他啶和头孢唑林在治疗老年人感染时的给药调整方案。

The pharmacokinetic study of cefazolin and ceftazidime in the elderly was carried out and was compared with that in the healthy young volunteers. After a single dose of 1 g ceftazidime by iv gtt administration, peak serum drug concentration(C_(max)), serum elimination half life(T_(1/2β)),renal clearance(Cl_r), and area under curve(AUC)were 101.36 ±20. 03mg/L,2. 42±0. 34h, 62. 93±19. 21ml/min and 244. 30±61. 51h·mg/L respectively. T_(1/2β)was longer, Cl_r was lower, AUC was larger in the elderly than that in the young group. The differences of pharmacokinetic parameter between two groups were statistically significant(P<0.01).C_(max) in both group were similar. After a single dose of 1 g cefazolin,T_(1/2β)in the elderly was longer than that in the young group, being24.8±0. 3 7and 1. 94±0. 26h. Cl_r was lower, being 34. 68±7. 10 and 44. 53 ±10. 96ml/min. AUC was larger,being 380. 71±61. 39 and 339. 55±79. 89 h·mg/L respectively. Except AUC the differences of parameter above between two groups were statistically significant(P<0. 05). Based upon the results, the regimens of ceftazidime and cefazolin in the treatment of infections in the elderly were suggested.