长期资产减值:公允价值的体现还是盈余管理行为

Write-down of long-term assets:The reflection of fair value or the action of earnings management?

长期资产与流动资产相比,由于其使用期限长,公允价值更难寻觅,因此其减值政策的应用不仅对公司业绩的影响深远,而且主观性更强。那么《企业会计制度》出台后长期资产减值政策的执行状况如何,其追溯调整政策给公司减值行为会产生什么样的影响,公司长期资产减值是真实反映了长期资产未来收益能力的变化,还是盈余管理的行为,本文对此进行了研究。研究结果发现,我国上市公司在长期资产减值政策实施当年,普遍进行了长期资产的减值,并且证实不仅减值总额真实反映了长期资产未来收益能力的下降,而且追溯调整后计入当年损益的减值数额也真实反映了长期资产未来收益能力的下降。这一研究结果说明追溯调整政策为公司夯实长期资产,如实反映长期资产的公允价值提供了政策途径,并未演化成公司盈余管理的工具。

Compared with short-term assets,long-lived assets are employed longer and it is more difficult to decide their fair value,so the application of impairment policy has an enormous impact on the performance of the company and the subjectivity is pervasive in the process.It is worth researching that how the long-lived asset's write-down policy set out in the Accounting System for Enterprises has been implemented,what effect the retro-adjustment policy has had on the impairment of the company and whether the write-downs have reflected the perspective of the future profit ability of long-term assets or they are just the behavior of earnings management.The result finds that Chinese listed companies wrote down impaired long-term assets at large in the year of the launch of the policy and the total amount of the write-offs really reflected the decline of their future profit ability,and the amount retro-adjusted to the current year's earnings also have the same reflection.It is verified that retro-adjustment provides the policy path for the companies to tamp long-term assets and reflect the true value of them.