不同化学物质打破葡萄、桃休眠的研究

Effect of chemicals on dormancy release of grape and peach

以保护地栽培的葡萄、桃为试材,对氰氨类、细胞分裂素、赤霉酸和KNO3打破休眠的效果进行了研究。结果表明,1.5%单氰氨、11%石灰氮可明显促使葡萄提前萌芽,提早着色9-10d;50mg/LGA3和100mg/L6-BA对打破休眠基本无效。TDZ与单氰氨混用提高萌芽率的效果最好。在2个葡萄品种上,均没有观察到单氰氨或石灰氮处理对果穗或果实品质性状的不良影响。在华光油桃上,没有观察到化学物质对提早开花或成熟有明显的作用。对葡萄和桃上应用化学物质打破休眠的有关问题进行了讨论。

The effects of cynamide, cytokinins, gibberellic acid and potassium nitrate on breaking dormancy of grape and peach in green house were evaluated. The results showed that the budburst of grape was obviously advanced with the application of 1.5% hydrogen cyanamide or I 1% calcium eyanamide. It was 9-10 days earlier than that of control when the vines were treated with the two chemicals. GA3 （50 mg/L） and 6-BA（100 mg/L） could not hasten the bud break of grape. Vines treated with TDZ and hydrogen cyanamide got the highest percentage of bud burst. No deleterious effects of cyanamide on fruit quality in two grape cuhivars were observed. All the chemicals in this trial did not show the influence on flowering and fruit maturity in Huaguang nectarine cultivar. Discussion on dormancy break of grape and peach using chemicals was given in this article as well.