果实有机酸代谢研究进展

Advances in research on organic acid metabolism in fruits

果实中有机酸是决定果实风味品质的重要因素之一。有机酸在果实自身代谢中参与了光合作用、呼吸作用,以及合成酚类、氨基酸、酯类和芳香物质的代谢过程。综述了果实有机酸的合成、降解、液泡贮藏等代谢过程的生理生化机制,包括果实中有机酸的组分,果实生长发育过程中有机酸的变化,有机酸代谢酶、液泡膜质子泵与果实中有机酸含量的关系,果实有机酸的遗传与分子生物学研究进展,以及环境因素与栽培措施对果实有机酸的影响与调控;并提出了今后待研究的问题。

Organic acids are the major factors in fruits affecting the quality of fruit. Organic acids take part in the fruit metabolisms associated with photosynthesis, respiration, phenolic compounds, amino acids, esters and aromatic compounds. This paper reviews the organic acid metabolism and its regulation in fruits, including the components of organic acids ; the change of organic acids during fruit development ; enzymes related to organic acid metabolism and H^＋ pumps in the tonoplast in relation to organic acids content in fruit ; organic acid genetics and molecular biology in fruit; the environmental factors and the measures regulating organic acid content. Some research programs for the future are suggested.