行距对超高产小麦冠层结构及产量构成的影响

Effects of Row Spacing on Canopy Structure and Yield Constituent of Super-high Yielding Wheat

研究了不同行距对超高产小麦冠层结构及产量构成的影响。结果表明,超高产小麦株高、节间长度、冠层叶片大小、叶片着生角度等主要受品种特性的影响,行距对其无显著影响,但行距与品种在株高上存在互作效应;不同超高产小麦品种在产量及产量构成上存在显著或极显著差异;同一密度下不同行距超高产小麦的产量、成穗数存在极显著差异。由于行距与品种的互作效应,不同超高产小麦品种要实现成穗数最大所要求的最佳行距不同,在生产上根据不同超高产小麦品种各产量构成因素对产量的贡献不同,可以通过行距调整增加成穗数以增产。

The main properties of canopy structure of super-high yielding wheat such as plant height, length of internode, size of canopy leaves, the angle the leaf grows and etc. were mainly affected by variety characteristic and the effects of row spacing on that were not significant. But row spacing and variety of super-high yielding wheat did the interaction on plant height. There was remarkable difference on grain yield and yield composing in super -high yielding wheat. There was extremely remarkable difference on grain yield and ear number in super - high yielding wheat under the same planting density. The optimum row spacing required for realizing the biggest ear number of super-high yielding wheat was different because of interaction between row spacing and variety of super - high yielding wheat. It suggests that grain yield may be increased by adjusting row spacing to raise ear number according to the contribution of each yield components to yield of super - high yielding wheat.