超重和肥胖少年心肺功能下降及与身体成分的相关性

The Correlation between Cardiorespiratory Function Decreasing of Overweight and Obesity Adolescent and Body Composition

对12～14岁正常体重少年40名(男生22人,女生18人)与超重和肥胖少年84名(男生45人,女生39人)进行了最大耗氧量(VO2max)、最大心率、身体成分、血压、脉搏、肺活量的测试.其中,VO2max采用改良的Bruce方案,用电阻抗法(BIA)测身体成分.结果表明:12～14岁超重和肥胖少年心肺功能明显低于同龄正常体重少年,高正常血压者和高血压者占32.92%,但血压升高与身体成分变化相关性不明显;肥胖少年肺活量/体重显著下降,男性与体脂百分比呈中度负相关;肥胖少年VO2max/BM显著下降,VO2max/BM与身体成分的变化有一定相关性,但不是主要影响因素;肥胖对最大心率影响不明显,此年龄段肥胖少年和正常体重少年的最大心率平均值分别为194次/min和197次/min.

Taking 40 normal weight （male 22 and female 18） and 84 overweight ＆ obesity adolescents （male 45 and female 39）aged at 12-14 years old as research subjects. The maximal oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, body composition, blood pressure, pulse and vital capacity were tested. The result showed that the cardiorespiratory function of overweight ＆ obesity subjects was obvious lower than that of normal weight subjects. There were 32. 92% overweight ＆ obesity subjects with high normal blood pressure and hypertension, but not correlated with their body composition changing. The vital capacity/BM of overweight ＆ obesity group was lower than that of normal group. Although the maximal oxygen consumption of overweight ＆ obesity subjects was impaired significantly, the change of body composition was not a important factor. The maximal heart rate was similar in normal and overweight group （maximal heart rate = 197b/rain and 194b/rain respectively）.