有氧及无氧训练对肝脏功能的影响

The Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Training on the Liver Function

目的探讨中长跑有氧、无氧训练对肝脏功能的影响.方法上海市及上海体院田径队中长跑运动员,根据个人运动专长,安排相应专项训练;12名进行有氧训练,14名进行无氧训练,分别在训练前及运动后即刻抽静脉血,检测LD、TB、DB、TP、ALB、G、A/G、ALT、AKP、AST、TBA及GGT等12项生化指标.结果①对胆红素代谢的影响:无氧及有氧训练后血浆TB及DB均极显著升高(升幅均大于13%,p<0.01),尤其无氧组训练后TB升幅达22.6%.②对蛋白质代谢的影响:无氧及有氧训练后血浆TP、ALB及G水平均极显著升高(p<0.01);运动后蛋白水平升幅无氧组均大于有氧组(分别为:14.6%,8.1%;12.4%,7.2%;18.3%,9.5%);运动后A/G呈下降趋势(无氧组p<0.05).③对肝功能相关酶类的影响:无氧及有氧训练后血浆ALT、AKP及AST活性均显著增高(除ALT在有氧组p<0.05,其余均为p<0.01);运动后酶活性升幅无氧组均大于有氧组(分别为:18.2%,8.3%;14.4%,7.7%;21.4%,17.6%);运动后GGT活性亦呈增高趋势(无氧组p<0.05).④有氧及无氧训练对于总胆汁酸的影响,有升、有降,无显著统计学差异.结论有氧或无氧训练均可影响机体免疫力,并使肝脏代谢增强、多种肝功能相关酶活性增高;无氧训练对肝脏功能的影响强度大于有氧训练.

Objective To study the effect of aerobic and anaerobic training on the liver function. Methods 26 middle and long distance athletes were selected from the track and field team of Shanghai City and Shanghai Institute of Physical Education and divided into two groups （ 12 for aerobic training and 14 for anaerobic training）. Every athlete was trained using a specific training program designed according to the athlete＇s ability. Blood was drawn from the vein before and soon after the training. 12 commonly used biochemical tests including the levels of serum LD,TB,DB,TP,ALB,G,A/G,ALT,AKP,AST,TBA and GGT were detected. Results ①The serum levels of TB and DB were significantly increased more than 13% in both groups after training （p 〈 0.01 ）, especially the serum level of TB was increased by 22.6% after anaerobic training. ②The serum levels of TP,ALB and G were significantly increased in both groups （p 〈 0.01 ）. The measured increat.se was higher in anaerobic training group （14.6%, 8.1%; 12.4%, 7.2% ; 18.3% ,9.5% ; respectively）. ③The serum levels of ALT,AKP and AST were significantly increased after training in both group （p 〈 0.01, except for p 〈 0.05 of ALT in aerobic training group） .The measured increase was more obvious in anaerobic training group （18.2% ,8.3% ;14.4% ,7.7% ;21.4% ,17.6%） .④The average serum level ofTBA increased or decreased in the two groups without reaching statistical significance. Conclusions Both aerobic and anaerobic training can influence the immune function and increase the metabolism of the liver and the activity of some enzymes in the liver. The effect of anaerobic training on the liver function was more obvious than aerobic training.