鲢、鳙滤食器官结构与功能的研究

THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE FILTERING APPARATUS OF SILVER CARP AND BIGHEAD CARP

用扫描电镜和组织学等方法研究鲢、鳙滤食器官的结构，并观察、分析了滤食器官各部分的功能．结果表明，它们的鳃粑、腭褶和鳃粑管上皮都分布有味蕾和丰富的粘液细胞；鳙腭褶和鳃粑管上皮中味蕾细胞数量明显多于鲢的；腭褶表皮上分布着排列有序的枕状突起．鲢可通过沉食途径和阻塞效应有效地摄食直径为３．２μｍ的小球藻。本文还通过对腭褶、鳃耙管及鳃粑在摄食活动中的运动方式的直接观察，分析了它们各自的主要功能。

The structure and function of the gill raker, palatal folds and sacculus pharyngeale of Silver carp and Bighead carp were studied by means of SEM. histology and direct observation. The results showed that there were a large number of taste buds and mucous cells in the epithelium of filtering apparatus, and the number of taste buds in the palatal folds and sacculus pharyngeale of Bighead carp was larger than that of Silver carp. There were papillae arranged in certain order on palatal folds of the fishes. Silver carp cold feed on Chlorella (3. 2 μm in diameter) efficiently through clogging effect and combining with mucous. The movement of palatal folds and sacculus pharyngeale in the feeding activity was observed directly, and their function was also discussed in the paper.