黑龙江省1993-2004年HIV／AIDS流行状况分析

The analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Heilongjiang province from 1993 to 2004

目的分析黑龙江省1993～2004年间艾滋病(AIDS)的流行病学特点和流行趋势,为制定艾滋病病毒(HIV)/AIDS预防和控制策略提供科学依据.方法对1993～2004年HIV/AIDS疫情监测资料和哨点资料进行统计分析.结果1993～2004年底,黑龙江省累计发现HIV感染者182例,其中AIDS病人44例,死亡22例;1993～2004年间,黑龙江省HIV感染者报告数的年平均递增169%;出现较多的AIDS病人和死亡病例,出现发病和死亡高峰;流行地区范围广,分布不均匀,有明显的地区聚集性;HIV的三种传播途径均已发现,既往以采供血(浆)为主,经性途径传播正快速上升.结论黑龙江省HIV阳性数呈现快速增长趋势,艾滋病预防工作的重点在于加大对有偿献血人员的主动监测力度,严格控制性传播,打击卖淫嫖娼现象,尤其是HIV在同性恋人群中传播应给予高度重视,特别要做好高危人群的宣传教育和干预工作.

Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Heilongjiang province from 1993 to 2004 in order to provide scientific evidences for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Methods Using statistical methods the case preorting and sentinel surveillance data in Heilongjiang province from 1993 to 2004 were analyzed. Results From 1993 to the end of 2004,182 HIV/AIDS cases were reported,44 were AIDS cases and 22 died. A rapid increasing trend was found and the yearly increasing rate of reported cases was 169 % .The FIV/AIDS epidemic in Heilongjiang province is characterized by a wide disparity between different regions and displays a concentrated distribution. Three main transmission routes are all present and the former paid blood donore remain the main risk population, but people infected through unprotected sex are increasing rapidly, especially among the men who have sex with men. Conclusion In Heilongjiang province,active survillance among former paid blood donore should be strengthened,efforts to control and stop the transmission though sex be promoted commercial sex work be contained, and health education and behavioral intervention among men who have sex with men be given special emphasis.