粘着型高分子防水层力学特征与防水效能探讨

Probe into mechanical character of adhesive high polymer waterproof layerand waterproofing efficiency

通过分析高分子材料拉伸的典型力学特征,并对粘着型高分子防水材料在随基层裂缝扩展而伸长状态下的边界条件进行分析,引入了平面应力和小孔平板拉伸的弹性力学模型,以得出防水层中的应力解析解,并对裂缝处防水材料剥离区的形成条件进行探讨。分析结果表明,防水层与基层之间的粘结强度须小于材料屈服强度的1/3,才能在基层裂缝扩展过程中形成剥离区,保持防水层的完整性和防水效能。为保证该类型防水材料的防水效能,应主要从降低防水层与基层的粘结强度、提高材料自身的屈服强度及施工质量等方面采取措施。

The typical tensile mechanics characters of high polymer material were analyzed, and the elastic mechanics models of plane stress and flat plate with a micro-pore were established by generalizing the boundary condition of the layer. The analytic stress solution and formation condition of blistering area of the waterproof layer at the site of base cracks were discussed with that. The results show that the value of bonding strength between waterproof layer and base should below one-third of the yield strength of layer material in order to safely form blistering area and keep the undamaged state and waterproof efficiency of the layer. The measures should he taken to keep the waterproof efficiency of adhesive polymer waterproof layer mainly including reducing bonding strength between waterproof layer and base, increasing yield strength of the layer material and improving the quality of construction, etc.