应用发光细菌检测润滑油急性生物毒性评定方法的研究

Studies on Evaluating Approach by Applying Luminescent Bacteria to Inspect Acute Toxicity of Lubricants

利用发光细菌为受试生物建立了一套检测润滑油急性毒性的评定方法,该方法具有快速、简便、灵敏、准确、稳定、经济、测定只需微量样品等特点。参照ASTM标准建立了一套样品液的制备方法,引入水融合组分(WAF)和水溶性组分(WSF)概念,采用半数效应载荷EL50作为润滑油在水中生物毒性的判定指标,使润滑油等难溶物质的生物毒性判定更加科学和准确。建立了难溶物质发光菌法水质急性毒性分级标准,为润滑油等难溶物质的毒性评定提供了依据。本文还对相关润滑油进行了评定试验和分级。

A set of evaluating approaches, which is characterized by swift, convenient, accurate, steady and economy features ,was established to inspect acute toxicity of lubricants by applying luminescent bacteria as a testing organism. In reference to ASTM standards, a new preparation technique for sample oils was set up. The concepts of water accommodation fraction （WAF） and water soluble fraction （WSF） were introduced in this field. Median effect load （EL50） as determined indexes in aquatic toxicity made lubricant toxicity＇ s judgment more scientific and accurate. Meanwhile, rating criteria of water quality-determination of the acute toxicity for some insoluble matters were constituted by applying luminescent bacteria test,which provides evaluating basis for insoluble matters, and evaluating experiments and rating of certain lubricants were conducted.