师范专科学校学生干部心理健康状况测试

Mental health status of student cadres in teachers college

目的:应用测试方法评估师范专科学校学生干部的心理健康状况。方法:于2002-05选择原益阳师范专科学校政史系、中文系、外语系、数学系、物理系和计算机系2000级专科班学生干部(包括班干部、校系学生会干部、校系团干部)131人为学生干部组观察对象。并以各系随机抽取1个班的普通同学共306人组成普通学生组作为对照。采用症状自评量表进行学生心理健康状况测评,该量表含90个项目,归纳为躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等9个因子,采用1～5分(自觉无症状～严重)5级评分制记分。评估参照全国成人常模标准:因子分<1.8分为正常;1.8～2.0分为轻度异常;2.1～3.0分为中度异常;>3.0分为重度异常。结果:学生干部组131人和普通学生组306人均获得症状自评量表结果,全部进入结果分析。①普通学生总体与学生干部之间多变量方差分析结果显示:wilk’s(魏克斯)λ=0.96,pillai’strace(皮耐轨迹)=0.04,P=0.039,两组间多因素整体差异显著。两组间单变量方差分析显示,只有强迫因子均分达到极显著水平(P=0.008)。两组各因子平均分除恐怖、偏执2因子外,其他各因子分均是学生干部得分高于普通学生。②男女干部之间多变量方差分析结果显示,wilk’sλ=0.865,pillai’strace=0.135,P=0.034,两组间多因素整体差异显著。两组间单变量方差分析显示,只有偏执因子上的差异达到显著性水平(P=0.048),强迫因子上的差异接近显著性水平(P=0.061)。男学生干部在强迫、人际敏感、敌对、偏执和精神病性5个因子上得分高于女学生干部。③文理科干部之间多变量方差分析结果显示,wilk’sλ=0.924,P=0.358,两组间多因素整体差异不显著。两组间单变量方差分析显示,只有躯体化因子均分达到显著性差异水平(P=0.01)。从两组各因子平均分来看,除强迫因子外,文科学生干部在其它各因子上得分均高于理科学生干部。④多变量方差分析结果显示,女干部与普通女学生之间,男干部与普通男学生之间多因素整体差异均不显著;各组间单变量方差分析显示,女干部与普通女学生在各因素上的得分均无显著差异,男干部与普通男生在各因素上的得分只有强迫因子达到显著性水平;从各对比组各因子平均分来看,女干部与普通女生的得分非常接近,而男干部在敌对、焦虑、偏执等多项因子得分高于普通男生。结论:学生干部的心理健康状况差于普通学生,男性学生干部的心理健康水平不及女性干部。应重视对学生干部特别是男性学生干部的心理辅导。

AIM： To investigate the mental health status of student cadres in teachers college by means of test. METHODS： In May 2002, 131 student cadres （including cadres of class, college and department） were selected from the departments of politics and history, Chinese, foreign language, mathematics, physics and computer sciences in grade 2000 of original Yiyang Teacher＇s Training School as the student cadre group, and another 306 common students were selected from 1 class of each department as controls. Their mental health status was assessed with symptom checklist-90 （SCL-90）, which consisted of 90 items, and were summarized into 9 factors of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism; the 1-5 scoring system was applied （self-evaluation from no symptom to severe）; The evaluation referred to the standard of national norms： the factor score 〈 1.8 points was taken as normal, 1.8-2.0 points as mild abnormality, 2.1-3.0 points as moderate abnormality, 〉3.0 points as severe abnormality. RESUILTS： All the 131 student cadres and 306 common students were involved in the analysis of results. ①The results of the multivariate analysis between common students and student cadres showed that wilk＇ sλ=0.96, pillai＇s trace=0.04, P=0.039, there was significant difference in the multivariate general level. The univariate analysis between the two groups indicated that only the average score of obsession-compulsion was very significantly different （P=0.008）. Except phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation, the scores of other factors were al higher in the student cadres than in the common students. ②The results of the multivariate analysis between male and female student cadres showed that wilk＇s λ=0.865, pillai＇s trace =0.135, P=0.034, there was significant difference in the multivariate general level. The univariate analysis between the two groups indicated that only the average score of paranoid ideation was significantly different （P=0.008）, and the factor of obsession-compulsion was nearly significantly different （P=0.061）. The scores of obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism were all higher in male student cadres than in female ones.③ The results of the multivariate analysis between student cadres majored in liberal arts and sciences showed that wilk＇sλ= 0.924, P=0.358, there was insignificant difference in the multivariate general level. The univariate analysis between the two groups indicated that only the average score of somatization was significantly different （P=0.01）. Except obsessioncompulsion, the average scores of other factors were all higher in the student cadres majored in liberal arts than in those majored in sciences. ④The results of multivariate analysis showed that there was insignificant difference in the multivariate general level between female student cadres and female common students, also between male student cadres and male common students. The univariate analysis indicated that there was insignificant difference in the average scores of the factors between female student cadres and female common students, and only the score of obsession-compulsion was significantly different between male student cadres and male common students. The average scores of the factors were very close between female student cadres and female common students, but the scores of hostility, anxiety and paranoid ideation were higher in male student cadres than in male common students. CONCLUSION： The mental health status is worse in student cadres than in common students, and the mental health level of male student cadres is not as good as that of female ones. The psychological guidance should be emphasized in student cadres, especially in the male ones.