竖井变形破坏机理与对策研究

THE RESEARCH ON THE DEFORMATION MECHANISM AND COUNTERMEASURE OF SHAFT FAILURE

在竖井变形破坏工程调查基础上，从徐淮地区地质背景和工程动力特性出发，论述了人类工程活动与地质环境相互作用的关系；提出了该地区竖井非采动变形破坏的区域性、滞后性和层控性三大特点。根据竖井破坏形态、时、空展布特征和动力学过程，并依据不同特征提出了徐淮地区竖井变形破坏“三因素综合破坏”观点，即地质体薄弱部位、负摩擦力和水平荷载的综合作用。还进行了竖井变形破坏动力学过程的物理模拟实验和三维线弹性、弹塑性数值模拟分析，对矿区初始地应力场和竖井与围土（岩）二次应力场，即地层失水沉降作用下，或水平地应力作用下，或失水沉降与水平地应力及重力共同作用下，研究土体浅部和深部变形时土岩与井壁的相互作用，揭示了徐淮地区竖井变形破坏的机理。另外，在系统科学理论指导下，结合徐州张小楼千米竖井工程实例，从六个方面开展了竖井变形破坏规律及对策研究，为防治竖井失稳提出了可靠的途径。

Based on a thorough review of previous papers and in-situ investigation, aiming to reveal the relationship between human engineering activities and geo-environment on a certain geological and engineering geological background,the author has done his research on a special kind of shaft deformation and failure occurring nearby the interface of alluviumand bedrock in some coal mines in Xuhuai Area.southeast China.In the first part of thepaper, some characteristics of the deformation and failure,such as morphological features, chronological features, and spatial distribution, are discussed in order to illustratequalitatively the mechanism of the deformation and failure. The author ascribed the shaftdeformation and failure to a complex contribution of three factors.namely geological weakposition, negative friction and horizontal loading.The second part of the paper concernsthe physical and numerical modeling which has been used to verify the above-mentionedmechanism. Stress distribution of the shaft and the interaction between the shaft engineering and its surrounding geological media are analyzed with 3D elastic as well as elasto--plastic models under various conditions.In the last part,taking a shaft of Zhangxiaolou coalmine, which is 1000 meters deep.as an example,and according to the theory of Engineering Geomechanics and system Engineering, the author has proposed his integrated countermeasure for the special shaft deformation and failure in 6 aspects.