南极中山站极夜、极昼期间S_q^p、S_D的变化规律及特征

The variation regularity and the characteristics of S￣p_q、S_D in Zhongshang Station Antarctica, during the polar day and the polar night

本文利用１９９１年度南极中山站的地磁资料，分析研究极夜（５、６、７月）及极昼（１１、１２月）期间Ｓ、ＳＤ的变化特征。研究结果表明，Ｈ、Ｄ、Ｚ三个分量的Ｓ、ＳＤ在极夜期间的变化幅度都小于极昼期间的变化幅度，Ｓ在世界时ＵＴ６时左右出现极值。这是由于在５、６、７月的太阳直射点在北半球，太阳紫外辐射和Ｘ射线辐射减少，在１１、１２月太阳的直射点在南半球，太阳紫外线和Ｘ射线辐射增大，致使空间电高层等效电流发生变化所产生。

The variation regularity and the Characteristics of S,SD during the polar day (Nov. and Dec.)and the polar night (May.,June., July.) are analyzed and investigated here using the geomagnetic data from Zhongshang Station Antarctica in 1991. The results show that the variation amplitudes of S,SD of the three components,H,D and Z, during the polar night are smaller than those during the polar day. Because the solar purple rays and X-rays radiation decrease in Antarctica in May., June. and July., due to that the sunlight directly radiates at the Northern hemisphere during that time; but in Nov, and Dec.,so that the currents in the ionosphere vary.