庄子“无用之用”的人格意蕴

Personality Connotation of Master Zhuang's "The Use of the Useless"

庄子所提出的“无用之用”的人生处世理念,历来被研究者认为是消极避世或个人主义的人生哲学,这未免有失偏颇。本文根据庄子所处的时代和他的身份、地位,用历史的眼光及人格心理做客观的分析,认为庄子所追求的“无用之用”,包含着深层的人格意蕴,那就是不与统治者同流合污,保持独立、高洁的人格。然而,由于“无适而非君,”使人“无所逃于天地之间”,又不得不“入其俗,从其俗”,从而导致不求被人用而为己所用的“无用之用”的人生追求,进而达到人格的独立与完美。

WThe concept of “the use of the useless” in life put forward by Master Zhuang has been wrongly regarded by scholars in history as the passive, reclusive and individualist philosophy of life. On the basis of Master Zhuang＇s time, status and position, the author of the paper gives an objective analysis in view of history and psychology, and believes that the concept of “the use of the useless” pursued by Master Zhuang contains profound connotation of personality, that is, never to associate oneself with evil elements, and keep an independent and noble personality. But the concept of “the one who can not go along with the world is not a nobleman” makes one feel that “one cannot escape from the world, ” and has to “do as the public do, ” thus leads to his pursuit of the philosophy of “the use of the useless” for the purpose of keeping independent and perfect in his personality.