纳米Sb_2O_3及其在云母表面的组装与阻燃性能

Assembling of Nano-Sb_(2)O_(3) onto Mica Surface and Its Flame Retardant Properties

以三氯化锑和片状云母为原料,通过醇解、水解反应,表面活性剂处理,制备了纳米Sb2O3/云母阻燃微粉。利用XRD、TEM和SEM测试技术表征了纳米Sb2O3的物相、形貌及其在云母表面的组装行为,用燃烧试验法和热分析法研究了纳米Sb2O3及纳米Sb2O3/云母复合微粒的阻燃性能和机理,比较了其性能的差异。结果表明,制备的纳米Sb2O3纯度较高,为立方晶体;在组装过程中不易团聚,颗粒均匀地分布在云母表面和边缘,粒径较小,分布均匀,可得到单分散的纳米微粒。与微米级Sb2O3相比,纳米Sb2O3的阻燃性能更加优异。纳米Sb2O3/云母复合微粒的质量损失比纳米Sb2O3高13.5%,纳米Sb2O3与氯化石蜡协同体系的失重平台温度比纳米Sb2O3低近300℃,质量损失高63.2%,吸收峰面积明显增大。而纳米Sb2O3/云母复合微粒与氯化石蜡的协同效应没有改变,并且具有更加优异的阻燃性能。

The Sb2O3 nanoparticles prepared with SbCl3 via alcoholysis, hydrolysis and processing with the surfactants, were assembled onto mica substrates. The crystal phase, morphology and the assembling behavior of nano-Sb2O3 on mica were analyzed by means of XRD, TEM and SEM. The flame retardant properties and mechanisms of nano-Sb2O3 and nano-Sb2O3/mica complex were studied by combustion test and thermal analysis. The results show that the Sb2O3 nanoparticles prepared by this method are cubic crystal, which can be assembled uniformly onto the mica substrate. The nano-Sb2O3 particles are characteristic of small size, narrow size distribution, uniform crystal and monodispersed particles can be obtained. Compared with micron-Sb2O3 , the nano-Sb2O3 shows more excellent flame retardant properties. The mass loss of nano-Sb2O3/mica complex is 13.5% higher than that of nano-Sb2O3. Compared with nano-Sb2O3, the plateau range of the mass loss temperature of nano-Sb2O3 coordinated with chlorinated paraffin is decreased by about 300 ℃, the mass loss is increased by about 63.2% and the absorption peak area increases appreciably. Nano-Sb2 O3/mica complexes show the same coordinating effect as chlorinated paraffin and possess excellent flame retardant properties.