2004年私营企业主收入问题研究的新进展

The New Development of the Research in to the Income Problems of the Owners of Private Enterprises in 2004

2004年,我国经济理论界关于私营企业主收入问题的研究取得了新的进展:在私营企业主社会属性问题的研究方面,学者们对于“建设者”的定性认识上高度一致,但对于“劳动者”和“剥削者”的定性还存在较大的争议;在私营企业主按资本要素贡献参与分配是否存在剥削问题的研究方面,存在着两种截然相反的观点,多数学者认为存在着剥削现象,少数学者则坚持不存在剥削的观点;在私营企业主收入的形式、来源及其性质等问题的研究方面,尽管分歧较大,但大体上主张把私营企业主收入划分为劳动收入和非劳动收入两大类,争论的焦点集中在剥削收入在非劳动收入中所占的比例及其剥削程度的高低。

There were several new developments achieved by the researchers of the theoretical economics in China in 2004, which were focused on the problem of the income of the owners of private enterprises. Scholars came to a high agreement on the determination of the nature of the “constructor” in the research of the social attribute of the owners of private enterprises, but they are still keeping an intense disputation as to whether the owners of private enterprises are “laborers” or “ exploiters”. There are also two opposite perspectives of the research as to whether exploitation exists when the owners of private enterprises obtain the profit according to their attribution of capital. A great number of scholars consider that exploitation exists while a few scholars insist that there is no exploitation in the distribution of the profit. Though there is a quite divarication in the research of the form, the source and the nature of the income of the owners of private enterprises, by and large, it is claimed that the income of the owners of private enterprises should be classified into two kinds： the income from the work and the income not from work. The disputation focuses on the proportion of the income from exploitation to the whole income, which is not obtained from work, and to which degree the exploitation is.