虚阴极为负载的磁绝缘线振荡器设计和研究

Design of MILO with vircator load

设计了S波段的MILO,工作频率为2.33 GHz,器件不容易产生模式竞争,适合于单模运行。进一步对MILO进行改造:阴极加入端面发射,使磁绝缘效果更好;收集极采用金属薄膜,利用磁绝缘电流形成虚阴极,充分发挥负载电流的磁绝缘作用,利用负载电流参与波束能量转换,使输出功率和效率进一步提高。通过优化设计的虚阴极MILO,在输入电压为450 kV,电流为45 kA时,最终得到2 GW的周期平均输出功率,效率高达10%。

An S-band MILO was designed by 2D particle-in-cell（PIC） electromagnetic code, based on the L-band hard-tube MILO of the Philips laboratory. The working frequency of the S-band MILO was 2.3 GHz. The design was further improved to increase the output power and efficiency. The emission increase from the cross section resulted in better magnetic insulation. A metal film was used to replace the conductor so that the load current, which had only supplied magnetic insulation, could be used to participate in the wave-beam energy transformation. The average output power in a period was 2 GW when the input voltage was 450 kV and the input current was about 45 kA. The efficiency was up to 10%.