歧义与省略:汉日定中结构之比较

Ambiguity and Omission:Comparison of Attributive Clause and Headword betweenChinese and Japanese

在汉语和日语的定中结构中,有些定中结构的句式有歧义。汉语“动词+补语(了)+名词1+的+名词2”除了是定中结构外,还有述宾结构;日语“名词1+が+好きな+名词2”这个结构也有歧义,本文从语义指向的角度对定中结构歧义产生的原因进行了分析。此外,定中结构中的中心词有时可以省略,本文亦探讨了哪些中心词可以省略。

In Chinese and Japanese, some attributive clause and headword structures are considered to have ambiguity. Besides,“verb ＋ complement （了） ＋ nounl ＋ 的 ＋ noun2” aslo acts as a structure of “predicate ＋ object” in Chinese. In Japanese, the structure of “noun1 ＋ が ＋好ぎな ＋ noun2” aslo has ambiguity. This article analyses the cause of ambiguity in the structure of attributive clause and headword from the perspective of direction of semantic indication. Furthermore, the headword can be omitted. Finally, this aritcle discusses what headword can be omitted.