森林害虫资源的开发与持续利用

Exploitation and Sustainable Utilization of Forest Pest Resources

从森林昆虫综合管理的观点出发，害虫这一术语是以人为中心定义的，缺乏生态学的概念。本文从生物资源开发利用的角度论述害虫与资源昆虫的关系，认为害虫与资源昆虫的概念是相对的，是可以互相转换的。对森林害虫进行开发利用所产生的生态经济效益是双重性的。森林害虫是森林生态系统中的重要组成成员，当它们被人类利用时，它们又成为资源。无论是从保护森林生态系统的角度，还是从资源利用的观点来看，对森林害虫的开发利用都应遵循生物资源持续发展的原则。

The term，pest，is used in accordance with peoples’interests but not with ecology in terms of integratedmanagement of forest insects．The concept of both pests and resources insects is not absolute，that is，it is changeable.Exgloitation of forest pests will produce dual benefits in terms of eco-economy，Forest pests are important members offorest ecosystem and these so called pests are turned into biological resources if they are useful to human beings. So fromviewpoints of both conserving forest ecosystem and utilizing biological resources，the studies on sustainable developmentand utilization of forest pests should not be ignored.