乐歌传统与《诗经》的文体特征

Tradition of song and The book of songs’ style

《诗经》是一部具有多种实用功能的乐歌,其艺术成就不是依赖以述说为主要形式的诗,而是依赖以歌唱为主要形式的歌来实现的。因为《风》、《雅》、《颂》是三种不同种类的乐歌,所以才有了三种不同的诗体;正因为《诗经》是乐歌,所以古老乐歌形成的套语与曲式传统就直接左右了《诗经》的语言。从乐歌传统入手,可以更准确地把握《诗经》的文体特征,也有可能对中国古典诗学法则及阐释传统进行补充和修正。

The book of songs is a song book of many practical uses originally.Its success in art does not mainly rely on the poems which take narration as their main form,but on the songs for singing as their main form.Feng,Ya and Song are three different poem styles.The traditions of formula and format in ancient Chinese songs are directly determined by their language styles.It doesnt accord with the classic poem tradition summarized by scholars in the later generations,though it is the source of Chinese classic poem tradition.