日本对华直接投资对中日贸易的影响

The Effect of Japan’s Direct Investment in China on Sino-Japanese Trade

20世纪90年代以来,日本对华直接投资中对制造业投资的比重不断提高,因而其对中日贸易关系的影响也越来越大。日本对华直接投资对中日贸易规模的影响主要通过替代效应、诱发效应、逆出口效应、贸易转向效应表现出来。总体说来,日本对华直接投资对中日贸易的替代效应很小,而对中日贸易发展的推动作用则非常明显。日本对华直接投资对中日贸易商品结构也产生了极为重要的影响,具体表现为日本对华出口的工业制成品的比重不断降低,而各种关键零部件和生产设备的比重不断提高;中国对日出口中工业品的比重、特别是工业制成品的比重则逐步提高。

The proportion of Japan＇s direct investment in the manufacturing industries of China has been continually increased since the 1990s, bringing more weight to the effect on Sino-Japanese trade relations. The effect of Japan＇s direct investment in China on the volumes of Sino-Japanese trade is represented chiefly by such factors as its substitution effect, induction effect, inverse export effect, and trade diversion effect. The substitution effect of Japan＇s direct investment in China is, on the whole, fairly limited, which has, however, exercised an apparent propelling force on the development of Sino-Japanese trade. Japan＇s direct investment in China has also greatly affected the structure of Sino-Japanese trade commodities, as evidenced by the steady decrease of the proportion of finished industrial products in Japan＇s exports to China, while the proportion of key spare parts and production equipment keeps coming up; as far as China is concerned, the proportion of industrial products, especially of finished products, in the exports to Japan has gradually stepped up.