浅析日本中小企业融资

An Analysis of Financing of Japan’s Small Businesses

尽管日本国内的经济环境逐渐开始好转,但是广大中小企业面临的经济形势仍然十分严峻。只有获得稳定的融资,日本的中小企业才能得以恢复并积极拓展新的经济领域。日本的中小企业对银行贷款具有较强的依赖性,而企业自有资本的低比率和直接融资渠道的不发达决定了日本的中小企业以外部融资和间接融资为主。在日本中小企业的金融支持体系中,政府系金融机构、商业性金融机构、信用担保机构和创业投资机构发挥着各自的作用。但是近几年来,受BIS规则的影响,日本的金融机构对中小企业的融资越来越严格。

Despite the gradual recovery of the domestic economic situation of Japan recently, most small businesses in the country are still faced with a rather grim prospect economically. Only by obtaining stable and regular financing, the paper has found, can Japanese small businesses achieve recovery and start to open new economic domains. The low ratio of businesses＇ self-owned capital and the shortage of direct financing channels, however, have forced the small businesses of Japan to rely on external and indirect financing as a result of Japanese small businesses＇ heavy dependence upon bank loans. Therefore, in the financial backing system for the small businesses, those that are playing the main parts are government finance institutions, commercial finance institutions, credit and trust institutions and entrepreneur investment institutions. Under the influence of the BIS rules in the recent years, however, the finance institutions of Japan are applying more and more strict rules concerning the financing of small businesses.