烧伤患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and Resistance of Bacteria from Burn Patients

目的研究近3年烧伤患者病原菌分布及耐药状况. 方法收集2001年1月～2004年3月烧伤感染患者病原菌,对其菌种分布特点及耐药性进行分析. 结果革兰阳性菌分离率最高的为金黄色葡萄球菌(37.28%),其中MRSA的分离率较高(69.53%);革兰阴性菌338株(54.08%),分离率最高的为铜绿假单胞菌(22.88%);革兰阴性菌对第三代头孢菌素和氨基糖苷类耐药率有较显著增加. 结论烧伤患者临床标本中分离细菌耐药问题严重,应加强耐药性监测和临床对抗菌药物使用的管理制度,以有效控制细菌感染和耐药性的播散.

OBJECTIVE To identify bacteria from burn patients and their resistance to antibiotics. METHODS We collected 625 strains, analyzing the characteristics of distribution and testing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. RESULTS There were 287 strains of Gram positive cocci （45. 92%） and 338 strains of Gram negative bacilli （54.08%）. The proportion of MRSA was 69.53%. Most of the bacteria were from burn wound. Resistance of Gram negative bacilli to imipenem was the lowest among the all antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS There is a serious situation of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. We should intensify the monitoring to resistant bacteria and the administration rules of using antibiotics, so as to control the dissemination of bacterial infection and its resistance.