杀菌剂长链单、双烷基季铵盐的合成

Germicidal long-chain monoalkyl and dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt

在一套自行设计的试验装置上,用叔胺化试剂二甲胺与脂肪醇反应得到单烷基二甲基叔胺;叔胺化试剂一甲胺与脂肪酸反应得到双烷基甲基叔胺.两种叔胺的收率均在97%以上.开发的DL—03工业催化剂满足了醇一步法制单、双长链烷基叔胺反应,并在500t/a装置上进行放大,一次获得成功.以CH_3Cl为季铵化试剂得到C_(8～10)双烷基二甲基季铵盐,成功地用作油田杀菌剂.

In an own designed apparatus by the author, an aminating agent methyl amine reacts with aliphatic alcohols to obtain dialkyl methyl amine and dimethyl amine with the same to alkyl dimethyl amine. The yields of both tertiary aliphatic amines are above 97%. The newly developed catalyst DL-03 for industrial use is able to satisfy the aliphatic alcohol one-step synthesis of dialkyl methyl amine and alkyl dimethyl amine. The scaling-up in a 500 t/a unit has been successfully done in one time. Quaternary ammoniumizing agent CH3C1 reacting with C2-C10dialkyl methyl amine have obtained C8-C10dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, which has been successfully used as oil field germicide.