《国语》韦昭注联合式复音词研究

Co-ordinate Disyllabic & Polysyllabic Words in“Wei Zhao's Annotation of Guoyu”

单音节词复音化是汉语词汇发展的重要规律之一。在《国语》韦昭注中大量存在着以复音词解释《国语》原文单音词的现象。经过统计,韦昭注中的联合式复音词1272个,占韦昭注复音词总数的47.09%。通过从词义、词性、语序等方面细致研究这些复音词,并将之与先秦两汉时期、中古时期乃至现代汉语联合式复音词进行比较,得出先秦时期语义的严格限制在三国时期已被打破,语义的外延在扩展等结论。

It is the major tendency for the development of Chmese words that a monosyllabic wora becomes disyllabic and polysyllabic. In the “Wei Zhao＇s Annotation of Guoyu”, there are a plenty of disyllabic and polysyllabic words used to explain the monosyllabic words in Guoyu. There are 1272 co-ordinate disyllabic ＆ polysyllabic compounds in Wei＇s annotation, which takes the percentage of 47.07 in total of all. This paper starts with the study of those 1272 words in terms of meaning, word class, word order and other perspectives. Then it compares those words with the co-ordinate disyllabic ＆ polysyllabic words in Chinese of Former Qin, of West ＆ East Han Dynasty, in Middle Chinese and Modem Chinese. At last it concludes that the limitation of word meaning in Chinese of Former Qin was broken during the time of Three Kingdoms and expanded in semantic connotation.