专利权穷竭制度的理论分析

Theoretical Analysis of the System of Patent Exhaustion

洛克的自然法学中的财产权劳动学说在为财产权提供正当性的同时,也为专利权的穷竭提供了法哲学基础。专利权穷竭符合社会利益和专利权人的利益,体现了专利权人与相关主体间的利益平衡。专利是由劳动者的智力劳动所形成,并且是用来交换,或以专利生产出的产品用来交换,具有商品的属性,专利权穷竭符合马克思主义的政治经济学原理。同时,专利权穷竭也符合目前公认的卡尔多—希克斯效率观,对专利权人和整个社会都是有效率的。

It is the labour theory of property rights that provides the foundation for the property rights and the system of patent exhaustion. Not only the society can benefit from the patent exhaustion but also the patentee too. It shows the benifit balance between the patentee and the society. The patent is the crystal of the workers＇intelligence labour,and it is used to exchange,or the production is used to exchange,and so are the goods. Thus, the patent exhaustion is in accordance with Marxian political economy. At the same time,the patent exhaustion is in accordance with the Kaldor-Hicks standard. It is also efficency for the patentee and the whole society.