发动机燃油喷射系统挺柱体的冷挤压成形加工技术研究

Study on cold-extruding forming technology for the ejector-body in injector system of diesel engine

针对挺柱体零件的结构特点和16MnCr5钢的工艺特性,对原来的热挤压生产工艺进行了改进研究;开发出坯料的软化退火、正反复合冷挤压成形的新工艺,设计了简单、实用、可靠的模具结构。冷挤压成形加工的挺柱体坯件具有内孔尺寸精度高、尺寸一致性好以及内孔表面光洁、无毛刺等优点,其内孔型腔不再后续机械加工就能达到挺柱体零件的使用要求。生产实践表明,该冷挤压成形工艺高效、节能、节材、生产成本低,经济效益显著。

In view of the structure of ejector-body and the formability of 16MnCr5, analysis and improvement were made on the heat extruding process. A new technology of the cold combined extrusion including softening annealing was developed, and the die sets for extruding ejector-body were designed. The chief advantages by this method include the the surface quality, closer tolerances and net shape forming of inner contour for the ejector-body. It was shown by production practice that both the quality and productivity of the parts were raised, the energy consumption, raw materials and operation cost were reduced by the new technology.