中国大鲵子二代规模化人工孵化技术的研究

Research on Technology of Chinese Giant Salamander F_2 Artificial Incubation

系统研究了影响大鲵子二代孵化率的环境因子(包括水质、水温、孵化密度)、硬件设施和软件管理技术.从理论上阐明孵化水质的离子比例平衡直接影响孵化率和苗种成活率,试验结果表明,广州华宝珍稀水产养殖有限公司养殖场调节水和水库水适合孵化,孵化率分别为53.3%和46.7%;过高、过低孵化水温都可导致大鲵胚胎发育停止,适宜孵化水温为16～22℃,最适水温为(20±1)℃;孵化密度以每筛(25cm×35cm×6 cm)放150颗受精卵为宜(孵化率为48%).在本试验设定的条件下,大鲵孵化率逐年提高,由1998年的平均3%,提高到2003年的平均18%.

The study systematically researched on the effect of environment factors such as water quality, water temperature, incubation density as well as incubation facilities and management technique to the hatching rate of the Chinese giant salamander. The results showed that the balance of ion ratio directly affected the hatching rate and survival rate of the hatched out larvae. The adjusted water with ion and reservoir water was suitable for hatching and the hatching rate got to 53.3% and 46.7% respectively. The suitable water temperature range for incubation was 16 - 22 ℃, the best about （20 ± 1 ） ℃ . Higher or lower water temperature would cause the cease of the embryo development, of Chinese giant salamander, high hatching rate of 48% waas obtained with incubation density of 150 fertilized eggs per mesh （25 cm × 35 cm × 6 cm）. The design of incubation workshop for large scale culture F2 of Chinese giant salamander and the technique of management of incubation were also expatiated and it had been proved to be reasonable by the practices that the hatching rate of F2 Chinese giant salamander increase form average 3% in 1998 to average 18% in 2003.