自闭症儿童的心理理论发展及其与言语能力的关系

Theory of Mind on Autistic Children and Its Relation with Verbal Ability

研究用5个信念任务测量心理理论能力,用皮博迪图片词汇测验测量言语能力,比较12名自闭症儿童和同等言语能力的28名正常儿童的表现,并分析了心理理论和言语能力的相关。结果表明:(1)自闭症儿童的心理理论发展显著落后于同等言语智力的正常儿童;(2)自闭症和正常儿童的信念理解发展序列基本一致;(3)心理理论和言语能力保持中度相关,但控制年龄因素后的偏相关不显著。本研究支持心理理论发展的领域特殊性观点。

In the research, theory of mind was measured by 5 belief tasks, and the verbal ability was measured by PPVT. 12 autistic children and 28 normally developing children who have the same verbal ability, participated in all the tasks. The autistic group＇s performance was compared with that of the normal group. The correlation between theory of mind and verbal ability was analyzed in the two groups. The results indicated that： （1） The development of theory - of- mind ability in autistic children was significantly slower than that of normally developing children who have the same verbal IQ; （2） the two groups＇ developmental sequences of theory - of-mind ability were basically consistent; （3） Autistic children＇s performance on theory of mind tasks was significantly related to their verbal IQ, but when the factor of age was controlled by partial correlation, the association between them didn＇t remain distinct. The viewpoint that the theory - of- mind development was domain - specific, was supported by the research.