基础地理信息系统的特性初析

An Analysis on the Three Aspects of Fundamental GISs

基础地理信息系统是专门用来采集、存储、管理、表达、分发基础地理信息的计算机化信息系统。其既是一个面向全社会各类用户、应用面最广的公益型地理信息资源,也为人们采用数字形式表示和分析现实空间世界提供了数字化建模、集成化管理、网络化处理的手段。其建设、运行、维护、服务与更新涉及到一系列重要的理论和技术问题,有着特定的研究内容。本文首先简要地论述了基础地理信息系统的两大作用,其次从尺度性、现势性、共享性、普适性等4个方面讨论了其“资源”特性, 既而分析了其提供的数字化建模、集成化管理、定量化处理、灵性化服务、智能化分析、动态化更新等工具,然后讨论了基础地理信息系统建设与更新等提出的研究需求,最后简要讨论了今后的努力方向。

A fundamental GIS （FGIS） is a special computerized information system used for the eollection, storage, management, representation and dissemination of geospatial data. Three major aspects of a FGIS is examined in this paper. Firstly a FGIS is an important public informatin resource eharacterized by scale, currency, sharing and usability. Its second aspect is that it serves or could serve as an efficient technical tool for spatial data modeling, integrated data management, qualitative processing, flexible services, intelligent analysis and dynamic updating. The third aspect is related to the emerging cutting edges issues of FGIS, such as the dynamic and multi-dimensional data modeling, spatio-temporal geo-datum, data integration and continuous updating, valued-added products and services. Further investigation and development is brietly discussed in the summary.