肩部前外侧小切口入路肱骨近端锁定钢板(LPHP)治疗肱骨近端骨折

Treatment of proximal humeral fractures with LPHP through a small incision on the anterolateral shoulder

目的报告通过肩部前外侧小切口入路进行肱骨近端骨折切开复位肱骨近端锁定钢板(LPHP)内固定的临床效果。方法2004年5月～2005年6月间共治疗17例肱骨近端骨折,Neer二部分骨折3例,三部分骨折10例,四部分骨折4例。自肩峰前1.5cm处向下切开皮肤,长6cm,沿肌纤维方向劈开三角肌,显露骨折,直视下间接复位,用克氏针临时固定,在肌层深面向远端插入钢板,近端用锁定螺钉固定,远端经皮引入固定螺钉。结果本组手术时间平均(128±35)min,术中平均出血(65±19)mL,平均住院时间4d,切口均一期愈合。12例得到平均6.1个月的随访,骨折均连接,平均愈合时间15.7周。肩关节外展80°～150°,前屈80°～160°,上臂外侧皮肤感觉正常。结论经肩部前外侧小切口入路切开复位LPHP内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折手术简便、损伤小、术中出血少、愈合时间短、功能恢复好。

Objective To report the clinical results of the treatment of proximal humeral fractures with a locking proximal humeral plate （LPHP） through a small skin incision on the anterolateral shoulder. Methods In the period from May 2004 to June 2005, 17 cases of proximal humeral fractures were treated in our department. There were 3 Neer two-part fractures, 10 Neer 3-part ones and 4 Neer 4-part ones. Starting from 1.5cm anterior to the acromion, the skin was incised for 6 cm in length and the deltoid muscle was separated along the muscle fibers to expose the fracture fragments. Under direct vision the indirect reduction of the fracture was performed and the fragments were temporarily fixed with K-wires. The LPHP was inserted distally beneath the deltoid muscle and the position between the distal plate and the humeral shaft was adjusted through another small skin incision on the lateral upper arm. 4 locking screws were inserted to the proximal plate to fix the fracture fragments while screws were percutaneously inserted to the distal plate to fix it to the humeral shaft. Results This series experienced a primary wound healing, a mean operation time of （128±35） min, a mean intraoperative blood loss of 65±19 mL, and an average hospitalization of 4 days. A follow-up of mean 6. 1 months, ranging from 3 months to 14 months, was performed in 12 cases of the 17 and revealed fracture union in all, with a mean healing time of 15.7 （ranging from 12 to 24） weeks. The final follow-up demonstrated a normal sensation on the lateral arms and a motion range in shoulder abduction of 80° to 150° and flexion of 80° to 160°. Conclusion The treatment of proximal humeral fractures by open reduction and internal fixation with LPHP through a small skin incision on the anterolateral shoulder has the advantages of simplifying operative maneuver, reducing tissue damage, decreasing blood loss, shortening bone healing time and improving functional recovery.