抑郁症患者的家庭暴力及因素分析

Domestic Violence in Patients with Depression

目的:研究家庭暴力与抑郁症个性特点、社会支持、应对方式的关系,针对心理十预提供理论依据。方法:采用自行设计的家庭暴力调查表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、社会支持评定量表、特质应对方式问卷和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),对72例抑郁症患者进行评定和比较。结果:有家庭内暴力者38例(男16例,女22例),家庭暴力与抑郁症患者HAMD 抑郁总分呈正相关;有家庭暴力组男性的主观支持分、总社会支持分低于无家庭暴力组(18.8±4.9,22.6±3.4;33.7±8.2,39.6±6.4,P<0.05),消极应对分高于无家庭暴力组(34.9±4.7,30.1±6.5,P<0.05);有家庭暴力组女性的支持利用度分低于无家庭暴力组(6.1±2.0,8.1±2.0,P<0.05), EPQ的神经质评分高于无家庭暴力组(64.2±7.4,56.5±10.3,P<0.05)。结论:抑郁症患者的家庭暴力事件应予以重视,家庭暴力与男性抑郁症患者的绝望感、主观支持、总社会支持及消极应对方式相关;家庭暴力与女性的支持利用度和神经质个性相关。

Objective： To explore the relationships between domestic violence （ DV ） and personality traits, social supports and coping styles in depressive patients. Methods： 72 depressive patients were assessed by the self-compiled scale of DV, HAMD, Social Supporting Rating Scale, EPQ and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire. Results： 38 patients had history of domestic violence （male 16, female 22）. There was positive correlation between the severity of DV and total score of HAMD. The male group with DV got significantly lower scores of subjective supporting and total social supporting, than the male group without DV （P〈0.05）, but they had higher scores of negative coping than the male group without DV （P〈0.05）. The female group with DV got significantly higher scores of EPQ-N than the female group without DV （P〈0.05）, they had also lower scores of used supporting degree than the counterpart （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Domestic violence is common in depressive patients. It is associated with despair, poor subjective support, less total social support, and poor coping style in male depressive patients. In female, it related to poor used supporting degree, EPQ-P.