听力损伤的累积噪声暴露阈值研究

Study on the threshold limit of cumulative noise exposure of hearing impairment

目的根据不同累积噪声暴露量与工人语频听力损伤发生率间的关系,探讨和评价引起职业性听力损失的临界累积噪声暴露阈值。方法应用Logistic回归模型分析1 435名不同累积噪声暴露强度的听阈数据。结果语频损伤和高频损失发生率随暴露水平而增高;累积噪声暴露量与语频损伤发生率的Logistic回归分析显示,听阈水平随累积噪声暴露量增高而上升并有明显相关性;预测模型显示语频损伤的临界累积噪声暴露阈值为100 dB(A)。结论听力损伤的临界累积噪声暴露阈值100dB(A)与我国现执行的噪声卫生标准具有一致性,可探讨作为对个体职业噪声暴露危害程度警告的阈值指标。

Objective To investigate the auditory critical threshold limits of cumulative noise exposure of occupational hearing loss according to the relationship between cumulative noise exposure and hearing impairment rate in speech and high frequency. Methods The auditory threshold data of 1 435 steel workers were analyzed with Logistic regression models by SPSS software. Results The impairment rate of hearing threshold levels in speech and high frequency was increased with the level of noise exposure. Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the cumulative noise exposure and prevalence in speech frequency hearing impairment, the results indicated that hearing threshold levels were significantly associated with the cumulative noise exposure. The predictive curve indicated that the critical value of cumulative noise exposure be 100 dB（A） in speech frequency hearing impairment. Conclusions This value is consistent with the national regulation for occupational noise exposure and it may act as a warning index in assessing risk of hearing loss of individual occupational noise exposure.