结构与功能:语言学发展百年回眸

Structure and Function: A Centennial Retrospection of the Modern Linguistic Development

20世纪语言学发展经历了三个主要阶段——即历史比较语言学、结构主义语言学和转换生成语言学阶段。现代语言学的发展是从语言的内向型研究(形式和结构的描写)逐步转向语言的外向型研究(内容和功能的阐释),由此启迪了我们必须从语法、语义、语用的层面来研究语言,做到结构与功能结合、描写与解释并重、宏观与微观并举。只有这样,才能促进现代汉语语言学的健康发展。

This paper summarizes the three development stages in the modern linguistics-- the historical linguistics、the structural linguistics and the TG grammar. It is argued that the Sino- linguistics can be promoted only when the linguistic form and structure are combined with the linguistic content and function, the linguistic interpretation with the linguistic description, the macro-linguistics with the micro-linguistics in an inter-organism perspective.