现实主义与“三农”问题小说创作

Realism and the Fiction Production on the Problem of "San-Nong"

“三农”问题已成为社会各界的热点话题,文学界也开始关注这个问题。作者概述归纳了中华人民共和国成立以来中国文学史上现实主义在对农村和农民的想象和表述的文本中呈现出的三个特点:社会历史与政治理想渗透主导下的现实主义,缺乏一种丰富的含蕴意味和自由想象的召唤;民族国家文化建构中的现实主义,缺乏一种清醒自觉的批判精神与反思诘问;当下功利诉求严重的现实主义,缺乏一种面向未来的超越的形而上的追求与诘问。同时指出在新时期对“三农”问题的表述和叙写时应予以努力推进的方向:创作主体应有直面现实尖锐矛盾的勇气,发现叙写真实农村与农民;作品中应有严肃冷静的思想探索和深度挖掘;倡导一种多元化和个性化的现实主义。

As the problem of “san nong” has become a hot topic in the society, writers and the literary critics begin to focus on the topic. This Article summarizes the three features of realism in the works which give imagination and narration to the countrymen and the country since the foundation of People＇s Republic of China： ruled by the social history and politic ideality, lack of spirit of sober animadversions and reversed consideration; appeals to the current utility seriously, lack of the metaphysical pursuit and query that face to the future. At the same time, the Article points out that when the writer give narration to the problem of “san nong” should make great efforts on the following aspects： the writers should have the courage to face the acute real-life conflict, discovers and narrates the real country and countrymen; the works should have solemn thinking and deep excavating; calling for the multiplex and individual realism.