遥感与GIS技术在湿地定量研究中的应用趋势分析

SOME TRENDS OF APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TO QUANTITATIVE WETLAND RESEARCH

在充分吸收已有相关研究成果基础上,提出利用RS与G IS技术,全面开展湿地系统定量化研究的思路和框架。重点分析了RS与G IS技术在湿地识别及类型划分、湿地生物量的遥感估测、湿地景观演变的动态分析、湿地评价与湿地保护区建设、湿地管理信息系统等研究中的应用趋势。研究表明,利用遥感与G IS技术可以增强湿地研究的宏观性、动态性、定量性。

Remote sensing （RS） and Geographic Information System （GIS） techniques have been widely used in wetland research in recent years. On the Basis of absorbing the results from correlative studies, some thoughts and a frame for quantification research of wetland ecosystems by using RS and GIS are put forward . 1 ） In the wetland identification and classification fields, incorporating the multiple temporal, multiple angles, multiple polarization, muhiple information sources of Radar images with case-based reasoning, which can improve the resolution, would be a trend for wetland classification. 2 ） The measurement and calculation of wetland vegetation biomass with Radarsat Sar data are a new field. A conceptive model for wetland vegetation biomass calculation is given. 3 ） As one kind of the land covers, wetland landscape is changed with natural and man-made disturbance. Wetland landscape pattern analysis is important content in wetland change research. By using GIS software, wetland landscape spatial pattern indices can be calculated, such as area index, edge-index, patch index, connectivity index, patch diversity index, etc. To establish a historic database would be a trend for wetland landscape pattern analysis. 4） GIS has strong function in managing and analyzing spatial data. To establish an expert information system based on GIS technology for wetland evaluation, conservation and optimization would be a trend in wetland research.