高仟伏摄片在煤尘肺早期诊断技术中的应用

Application of High volt technology in early diagnosis of anthracnose.

目的探讨煤矿医院采用全套国产设备摄高仟伏胸片在煤矿工人尘肺早期诊断技术中的应用。方法应用全套国产设备,研究出一整套的暗室技术和投照技术条件并进行规范化操作,对4500例接尘工人摄取高仟伏胸片,从中选取具有临床症状的300例接尘工人的高仟伏胸片作为试验组,并将此300例接尘工人再摄取低仟伏胸片作为对照组,对比研究照片质量及阳性检出率情况。结果根据GBZ70-2002《尘肺病诊断标准》进行质量评定。其中高仟伏优良片率达91.67%,废片率为1.33%,低仟伏优良片率为47.33%,废片率为4.33%(χ2=4.9036,P<0.05)。尘肺早期(0+)阳性检出率:低仟伏为3.33%,高仟伏为9.33%(χ2=9.1028,P<0.01)。结论采用全套国产设备在煤矿医院推广高仟伏摄片对提高接尘工人尘肺的早期诊断具有一定应用价值。

Objective To investigate application of high kV chest X-ray film with full domestic set at early diagnosis technology of pneumoconiosis of the coal miner in grassroots＇ hospital. Methods Through regular practice of dark-room technology and projection condition ,4500 dust-exposed coal miners were photographed using high kV chest X-ray film with full domestic set in grassroot coal hospital, 300 cases with clinic symptom among them were photographed with low kV film. Film quality and positive detectable rate were compared between these two groups.Results According to high kV photograph chest X-ray film estimate standard and high kV rank estimate standard （GBZ70-2002）, high kV choiceness film rate were 91.67% , waste film rate were 1.33%, low kV choiceness film rate were 47.33% ,waste film rate were 4.33（X2 = 4.9036, P 〈 0.05） ,early positive detectable rate of pneumoconiosis of low kV were 3.33% and that of high kV were 9.33 % （X2 = 9. 1028, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Application of full domestic set of high kV photograph in grassroots coal mineral hospital could improve early diagnosis rate of dust-exposed miners.