物占神话与《易经》的非理性思维

The Irrational Thinking of the Myth of Doomsten and the Book of Changes

物占神话与《易经》都是非理性思维的产物,都认为自然及社会的一切事情的发展都是由神决定的,二者的知识都是古代的巫所必须掌握的。但二者又有颇多差异:一,前者的预示指向集体的人,后者则指向个人;二,前者征兆物的出现是自发的、偶然的,后者的吉凶则可由问卦者主动求取;三,前者的征兆物多为怪异的物,后者的吉凶暗示则为一般常见的物;四,前者的征兆物及灾难都是具体的,后者的吉凶说明,既有具体的物,又有抽象的说理,其灾难,均为概括性的“吉”、“凶”;五,前者所预示的现象,几乎全是灾难性的,后者则吉凶各半。

Both the myth of doomsten and the Bookd of Changes are the outcome of the irrational thinking. They think the development of things in nature and society is decided by god. They are something that should be mastered by koradji. But they are different, the differences are ： the former point to the group, the latter points to the individual; the doomsten in the myth is occasional, the latter is inquired by the inquirer; the former are freaks and the latter are normal; the former is concrete, the latter is not so sure, abstract or concrete; the former are almost calamity, the latter, good or ill luck.