从文化符号学角度看《钢铁是怎样炼成的》之争

On the Controversy Over How the Steel Was Tempered: A Semiological Approach

苏联作家奥斯特洛夫斯基的名著《钢铁是怎样炼成的》自传入中国至今,经历了备受国人推崇到降温再升温的阅读过程,近年来又成为学术界的热点话题之一。洛特曼的文艺符号学理论为公正地评价该小说以及由它而起的争论提供了新的视角。借用该理论,可以很好地解释文本作者是如何进行编码,从而使文本能够完成信息功能、创造功能和记忆功能的,以及作者是如何引导读者在阅读过程中进行正确解码的。

Since it was introduced into China, the novel How the Steel Was Tempered by the soviet writer Nikolai Ostrovsky has seen popularity ebb and flow in the country. Recently, it has been a hot topic in the academic world. Lotman＇s semiological theory on hterature anti arts provides a new perspective to evaluate the novel and the related controversy. The theory affords an account of how the author encoded the text to achieve the informative, creative and mnemonic functions, and of how the author guided the reader in decoding the text.