略论19世纪后半叶至20世纪初苏伊士运河的安全防御问题

Security and Defense of the Suez Canal——Second Half of the 19^(th) Century to the Early 20^(th) Century

苏伊士运河是连接红海和地中海的东西方交通要道,也是英国本土通往其东方殖民地捷径的必经之路。在19世纪后半叶至20世纪初列强争霸的复杂国际环境中,控制苏伊士运河,对其进行有效的防御,对英国来说是至关重要的。因此,运河问题成为影响英国对外政策的一个重要因素。本文拟对这一时期的苏伊士运河的安全防御问题加以简要论述。

The Suez Canal is a main passage which links the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is the shortest line of transportation between the eastern and western. In sophisticate international conditions 19^th century, it was vitally important for the British to control and defend the Suez Canal effectively. Thus the issue of the canal substantially influenced the making of British foreign policy. The paper has made an investigation on the security and recovery of the Suez Canal during the second half of the 19^th century to the early part of the 20^th century.