美国总统否决权模式的确立

The Establishment of the Model of American Presidential Veto Power

美国总统否决权模式的确立既有深厚的理论基础———制衡理论,又有历史的借鉴。授予总统否决权意味着扩大总统的权力,授予总统多大否决权是困扰制宪者的一大难题。解决这一问题的关键是应授予总统何种形式的否决权。在1787年的制宪会议上,制宪者围绕这一问题进行了激烈的讨论并最终确认了美国总统否决权模式:总统的常规否决是相对否决权;搁置否决是绝对否决权;否决权由总统独立行使。

There is both theoretical foundation——balance theory and historical reference in establishing the model of American presidential veto power, which mains more power available for the president with the right, though how much power the president may have bothers the makers of constitution. The key to the problem is what form of veto power the president should have. In 1787 constitution making conference, the makers had a hot discussion about the issue and settled the model. The president＇s regular veto power is comparative power, while the postponing right is the absolute veto power;furthermore, the president executes the veto power independently.