边境贸易与环境保护协调发展研究──以内蒙古呼伦贝尔盟为例

RESEARCH ON THE COORDINATION BETWEEN BORDER TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ──Taking Hulun buir League, Inner Mongolia as an Example

我国边境贸易作为对外开放的重要组成部分，已获得显著进展。本文在概述我国边境贸易发展过程中所产生的一系列环境问题基础上，以内蒙古呼伦贝尔盟为例，探讨了边境贸易与环境保护协调发展的途径。阐明了：（１）在口岸发展进程中，大气环境、水环境中污染物浓度有增高趋势，固体废弃物排放量增大，应通过城市综合整治，消除污染隐患。（２）在出口商品生产基地建设过程中，在合理利用自然资源的同时，应强调维护生态良性循环，防止过度开垦与放牧，防治湖泊富营养化，倡导清洁生产，用优质产品开拓国际市场。（３）在边境贸易发展过程中，应加强在环境保护领域的国际合作。

Border trade, as an important component of the implementation of opening up in China, has achieved a great progress. The border areas that were in relatively closed status in the past, have been changed significantly in terms of population flow as wen as material and energy flows. A series of environmental problems occurred in the course of development. In this paper, Hulun Buir League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has been taken as a typical study area. The strategies for coordinating border trade and environment protection so as to attain the objective of regional sustain able development have been studied. The main points are as follows:(1) At the ports, environmental management should be strengthened. Effective measures for goods examination and biological quarantine should be established on the basis of relevant laws and regulations of the country with consideration of local conditions. Trans-boundary transfer of pollution in all forms should be strictly prevented so as to ensure environmental safety of the border areas.(2) In the process of urbanization of the ports, comprehensive environmental renovation should be conducted so as to prevent pollution pollution. It is especially significant to protect water resources. Countermeasures in this respect include: reasonable utilization of surface water; preventing ground water from over-extraction; purification of contaminated water through combination of waste water treatment plants and oxidation ponds; control of the relatively high concentration of fluoride and mineral contents in groundwater. The protection of water environment should be the major part of environmental investment.(3) In the process of constructing export commodity productive bases. it is important to protect the environment and maintain benign ecological cycle. Countermeasures for development of eco-agriculture, protection of grassland, and prevention of lake eutrophication should be conducted. By adopting quality control of the whole productive process, production of green products for international markets can be developed.(4) International cooperation in the area of environmental protection should be carried out along with the development of border trade.