2000-2003年贵州省鼠疫疫情流行病学分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of plague in Guizhou Province in 2000-2003

目的探讨贵州省近年来鼠疫流行特征,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法分析鼠疫疫情资料和疫区鼠蚤监测资料。结果平均发病率(以县计)为4.08/10万;累计2个县、7个乡镇、88个自然村寨;绝大多数病例表现为发热和腺鼠疫;自毙鼠中鼠疫FI抗原平均阳性率为33.85%;黄胸鼠和褐家鼠、印鼠客蚤等标本中培养出32株鼠疫杆菌。结论贵州省鼠疫疫情与天生桥水库的修建和蓄水有关。该疫源地类型为滇粤闽黄胸鼠鼠疫疫源地,目前仍然处于活动状态。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of plague and provide with the evidences for the policy making in Guizhou Province. Methods The epidemic data of plague and the surveillance results on rodents and fleas in the plague foci were analyzed. Results The average incidence was 4.08/10^5 at county level. Accumulatively, 2 counties, 7 townships and 88 natural villages had been involved in the epidemic areas. Most of the patients presented with fever and gland plague. The average positive rate of FI antigen in dead rodents was 33.85%. 32 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from Rattus flavipectus, Rattus norvegicus and Xenopsylla cheopis in the plague foci. Conclusions The plague epidemics in Guizhou Province were related to the construction and water storage of Tianshengqiao Reservoir. The plague foei were identified as of Rattus flavipectus Plague of the Yunnan-Guangdong-Fujian Provinces, which still remains in an active stage.