人权保障视野中讯问方法的合法运用

The Legitimate Interrogation: In Perspective of Human Rights Protection

讯问犯罪嫌疑人作为收集证据的重要途径在其方法上受到人权保障原则的制约,讯问方法的运用因此不得不面临人权保障与发现案件事实真相的目标冲突。讯问合法性的实质标准在于保证犯罪嫌疑人供述的自愿性,但纯粹的、彻底的自愿供述不可能是讯问合法性的绝对标准。为兼顾人权保障与侦查效率,我们既要确立任何人不被强迫自证其罪的原则,也要鼓励犯罪嫌疑人如实供述,并允许运用可能对供述自愿性构成轻微损害的讯问方法。

Interrogation of suspects in the investigation stage, though an important means to collect evidences, is restricted by protection of human rights. While choosing the methods of interrogation, we have to avoid the conflict between human rights protection and truth finding. The legitimacy of interrogation lies in a suspects＇ voluntary confession. However, an entirely voluntary confession does not necessarily mean that the interrogation is legitimate. In consideration of both the protection of human rights and the efficiency of criminal investigation, we must ensure that no one is self-incriminated while urging suspects to admit the truth. Furthermore, interrogation methods that might slightly infringe voluntary confessions might be permitted.