光纤传感器在涡轮轴向位移检测中的应用研究

Application of Optical Fiber Sensor in Measurement of Axial Displacement of the Turbine

以光纤传感原理为基础,采用一种强度补偿型反射式光纤位移传感器,借助光纤本身的优势,实现涡轮机轴向位移的实时监测。系统包括光源及其驱动电路、光纤传输通道、信号处理电路和信号输出系统。通过双路接收的方法消除因光源发光功率波动、光纤损耗变化以及环境干扰光等因素对测量结果的影响。采用稳压源驱动和温度补偿保证光源发光的稳定性,进行转速监测以补偿速度变化引起的误差。采用单片机完成被测信号的识别和处理,提高了测量的精度。

Based on the sensing theory of optical fiber, by virtue of the advantage of optical fiber, a reflective optical fiber displacement sensor with intensity compensation was used in real-time measurement of axial displacement of the turbine. It has light source and its drive circuit, optical transmission channel, signal processing circuit and signal output system. It can perform automatic compensation of disturbance of power fluctuation of the light source, optical fiber loss and environment light by a method of two receiving optical fibers. The stable light intensity was achieved by using driving circuit with regulated power supply and temperature compensation circuit. In addition,rotate speed was measured to compensate the error arose by the speed change.Single-chip microcomputer was used to achieve the identifying and processing of the signal, so it can improve measurement accuracy.